Stone crushing apparatus



API'il 17, 1945. l. H. KEssLER 2,373,691

STONE CRUSHING APPARATUS Filed May 13, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0 L; Cr.

Y@ rf A INVENTOR 77 /fHw/fw M/ ATTORNEY April 17, 1945. L, H, KESSLER2,373,691

STONE CRUSHING APPARATUS Filed May 13, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I l l l I iIII ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 1 1, 1945 i UNITED snlrriss PATENT# ori-lcs ls'roivn cnurlvzlarrmms Les n. mer, Springville, si. Y. AplillqlllmMIU-13, 1940, Seflll N0. .334,819

' 'z claims. (ci. :u1-ss) This invention relates to certain new anduseful improvements in machines for crushing stone and the like.

It has for one of its objects to provide a machine of this characterwhich is so designed as to crush the material by impact in an enclosureor casing having a system of rotatable and stationary impact bars ormembers so arranged as to centrifugally direct the stone or othermaterial by the rotatable impact bars against the stationary impactbars, the crushing ofthe material taking place by impact of the materialitself while in suspension, as well as that created by the impact bars.

ment or replacement when desired.

A' further object of, the invention is to provide a machine of thischaracter havingv alrotary impact member and a plurality of impact barsdisposed in predetermined relation about such rotatable member wherebythe stone intercepted by the latter is centrifugally thrown against andbetween the impact bars to eifeotually crush the stone in a minimumperiod of time and to any size desired. I

A still further object is to provide a crusher which is simple, compact,and sturdy in construction, which is self-feeding and will effectuallyhandle any amount of material delivered to it, and wherein the design ofthe crushing chamber is such that the weight of the material is ef ure 4is a transverse vertical section taken on line 4-4, Figure 3. Figure 5is an enlarged fragmentary face view of the rotor and one of its impactblades or members. Figure 6 is a cross-'section taken on line 6 6,Figure 5. Figure '7 is a detached perspective view of one of the rotorimpact blades. Figure 8 is a side view of a modified form of theinvention.

Similar characters of .reference indicate corresponding partskthroughout the several views.

Referringnow to the drawings, I indicates a supporting frame or tableupon which the crusher-housing or casing II is mounted, as for exampleby beams I2. This casing may be of substantially the shape shown inFigures 1 and 3, being provided at its upper end and in oneaside thereofwith an inlet or feed opening I3 with which a feed hopper I4communicates for delivering the stone to be crushed to the casing..

'Y The lower sides of the casing may be oppositely inclined, as shown,and substantially at their intersection the casing has an outlet ordischarge I5 through which the crushed stone is discharged. With theexception of the inlet and discharge openings. this casing is completelywalled in to which is preferably inthe form of a rotor ilxed aredisposed substantially in horizontal `spaced` on a drive 'shaft' I8extending transversely through the casing from oneside thereof to theother and Journaled at its ends in the bearings I9 mounted on the frameI 0 in the manner shown lin Figures 1, 2 and 4. This rotor is adapted tobe driven at a (comparatively high speed and at one end the drive shaftis provided with a pulley 20 for connecting it to a suitable source ofpower. This rotor is preferably solid and projecting from its peripheryare a plurality of radial impact blades or members 2I which are adaptedto intercept any stone contained in or as it is introduced into, thecasing, the blades as they are successively presented to the stonetransmitting crushing blows to it and at the same time directing it bycentrifugal force into impacting and crushing engagement with a seriesor plurality of pairs or groups of stationary impact bars 22, 23 and 24disposed in predetermined laterallyspaced fashion about the top andadjoining side of the rotor, and in substantially vertical rows as shownin Figure 3. The impact bars 22 are disposed substantially axially overthe rotor outwardly of the tip ends of the rotor-blades and relation andalso spaced below the top wall-section I8 of the casing to provideopenings for the passage of the stone thru the machine while beingcrushed. 'Ihe pair of blades 23 are disposed substantially in verticallyspaced relation sothat any stone passing beyond the bars 22 strikesagainst the faces of the bars' 23 and is crushed from the resultingimpact. 'I'he bars 24 are disposed in spaced relation vertically of thecasing and inclined` to the vertical to expose their faces to the stonewhich` is .delivered by the rotor beyond the companion pairs of bars 22and 23. The

bars 24 are preferably uniformly spaced and function as a screen inpredetermining the size to which the stone is to be crushed. If desired,the bars 24 may be alternately of different thicknesses to minimize theoperation of changing the bars to suit the size of the material desired.

It will be noted in Fig. 3, that the inclined wall of the casing il atthe loading side of the crushing chamber isidirectly opposite the rotorI1, whereby the maximum weight of the stone contained therein issustained and the rotor correspondingly relieved of such weight.Extending across the feed opening I3 of the casing is a ilexible curtain25, which may consist of chainlengths or the like, and which serves as aguard to prevent the stone being projected out through the hopper duringthe crushing operation.

The rotor-blades 2| are so mounted in the rotor that they can be readilyreplaced or renewed when necessary with a minimum of eiort and withoutdisturbing the rest of the machine. To this end, each impact blade isremovably seated in a groove or recess 25 formed in the periphery of therotor and extending crosswise thereof parallel to its axis, while thecasing is Iprovided in its opposite side walls, as shown in Figs. 3 and4, with alining openings 21 of a size to permit the insertion andremoval of one or another of the impact blades when its grooves arepresented in registration therewith. Normally the openings 21 are closedby cover-plates 28 detachably secured to the casing by bolts .or likefastenings. Each of the impact blades is provided in one ofits faceswith a key or tongue 29 which slidingly engages a corresponding grooveor key-way 30 in the companion wall of the groove 2B, whereby such bladeis eifectually held against radial displacement relative to the rotor.To prevent its axial displacement, clamping or wedging jaws or cleats 3|are provided which are seated in companion recesses 32 formed at theopposite ends of the rotor i1 and which function to eifectually wedgethe blade against endwise movement. Bolts 33 are provided for anchoringthe jaws in place. When it is desired to remove an impact blade from therotor, such blade is lined up with the casing-openings 21, thecover-plates l28 and the wedging jaws 3| are removed, after which theblade is slipped endwise' from the rotor and through one of thecasing-openings. Obviously, the insertion and attachment of a blade intoplace is accomplished by a reversal of such steps,

The stationary impact bars 22, 23 and 24 are likewise so mounted as tobe readily replaced and are preferably seated at their opposite ends incompanion seats or openings 34 formed in the casing side walls, whilecover-plates 35 are provided for normally closing such openings.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the crusher in the form of a duplex unit and thevarious parts thereof bear the corresponding reference characters-as areborne by the disclosure shown in Figs. 1 7 inclusive. In this case thecrusher units are disposed at opposite sides of the casing and the feedopening and hopper are arranged centrally between such units.

Briey stated, the operation of the crusher is as follows:

The material to be crushed is introduced through the hopper I4 into thecrushing chamber of the casing and in this connection the chamber may befilled to capacity. After the rotor i1 is started, its impact blades 2|smartly, forcibly and repeatedly contact the material within their rangeand initiate the breaking down oi the material,

at the same time directing it by centrifugal force against the variousstages of impact bars 22, 23 and 24. As the material impinges againstthese bars, it is further crushed or broken down and when` reduced tothe size determined by the spacing of the last stage of impact bars 24,which bars likewise function as a screen or sizer, the sized stone isdischarged through the opening i5. It

will be appreciated that-in practice the material being crushed takes aterriic beating, first by the rotor blades which cause it to beprojected at a high velocity against the impact bars in its path oftrajection, thereby making a further reduction of the material, andfinally by the impact blows afforded by the material pieces themselveswhile being projected in suspension through the crushing chamber. TheWalls I8 of the casing also function as impact faces against which thematerial is directed by the rotor-blades, and the arrangement of theimpact bars is such as to create a baiiling eiect on the material andmaintain it in the crushing zone until it has been' properly sized.

I claim as my invention:

1. A stone crusher, comprising a casing having openings therein for theintroduction of stone to be crushed and for the discharge of the crushedstone, a rotor arranged in said casing having a substantially radialrecess in its periphery, an impact blade fitted transversely in saidrecess, means applied to the opposite ends of the rotor and engageablewith said blade for detachably securing it thereto, the opposite sidesof said casing having an opening therein disposed for registeringendwise alinement with said blade for permitting its insertion andremoval to and from said rotor, and a cover plate detachably applied tosaid opening.

2. A stone crusher, comprising a casing having openings therein for theintroduction of stone to be crushed and for the discharge of the crushedstone, a rotor arranged in said casing and having a radial recess in itsperiphery, one

of the* walls of said recess having a transverse key-way therein, animpact blade detachably fitted in said recess and having a key thereonengaging said key-way for retaining said blade against radialdisplacement relative to said recess, and detachable clamping jawsapplied to opposite sides of the rotor for operative wedging engagementwith said blade to retain it against displacement axially of said rotor.

3. A stone crusher, comprising a casing having an intake in the upperportion thereof for the stone to be crushed and a discharge in the lowerportion thereof for the crushed stone, a rotor arranged in said casingbetween its intake and discharge for intercepting the introduced stoneand having rigid stone-engaging impact.

members projecting from the periphery thereof, said rotor beingpositioned in adjoining relation to one of the casing walls to obstructthe downward flow of stone along such wall to said discharge and beingperipherally spaced from the remaining surrounding walls of said casingto provide a trajectory path of travel for the stone certain of saidwalls constituting stone-crushing surfaces against which the stone isdirected by said impact members, and a plurality of stationary impactmembers disposed in the centrifugal path of motion of the rotor in thespace between the latter and said remaining surrounding walls of saidcasing and against and between which the stone while in suspension issuccessively directed, crushed and delivered to the casing disposed inspaced relation and inclined to.

the vertical.

4. A stone crushenrcomprising a casing forming an enclosed crushingchamber having upper and lower openings therein for the introduction ofthe stone to be crushed and for the discharge of the crushed stone, arotor arranged in said casing between said openings and havingstoneengaging impact members projecting therefrom for y intercepting andtransmitting successive crushing blows to the introduced stone anddirecting it centrifugally in a trajectory path about the casing, saidrotor being disposed in a predetermined relation in said casing toprevent the flow of the introduced stone downwardly between the same andone side of the casing and to provide a clearance space between therotor and the remaining sides of the casing for the trajection of thestone in suspension from the upper inlet opening through thecasing-chamber to the lower discharge opening, and a plurality of setsof stationary impact members disposed in such space and against andbetween which the trajected stone is directed in a defined path to thedischarge opening, said impact members being arranged in advance of oneanother and in different angular planes .relative to tne periphery ofthe rotor and with the members of. each set spaced relatively to eachother and the rotor and casing-walls to provide interconnecting passagesfor the flow of the suspended stone therebetween from one set of impactmembers to thev other.

5. A stone crusher, comprising a casing forming an enclosed crushingchamber having upper and lower openings therein for the introduction ofthe stone to be crushed and for the discharge of-the crushed stone, arotor arranged in said casing between said openings and havingstoneengaging impact members projecting therefrom Ifor intercepting andtransmitting successive crushing blows to the introduced stone anddirecting it centrifugally in a trajectory path about said casi-ng, saidrotor being disposed in a, predetermined relation in said casing tocause the introduced stone to be brought into the path of upward travelof the rotor impact members and to provide a. clearance space over andabout the adjoining portion of the rotor between the tip ends of therotor-impact members and the opposing walls of the casing for thetrajection of the stone in suspension from the upper inlet openingthrough the casing-chamber to the lower discharge opening, and aplurality of stationary impact members arranged in said clearance spaceand against which the trajected stone .is directed and impinged, saidimpact members being disposed in spaced relation to one another insubstantially vertical and horizontal planes tol provide interconnectingpassages which open in the trajectory path oi and substantially cirvcumferentially about the rotor for the travel of the suspended stonetherebetween as it is successively reduced by the resultant action ofthe rrotor and stationary impact members.

casing between said openings and having stoneengaging impact membersprojecting therefrom for intercepting andl transmitting successivecrushing blows to the introduced stone and directing it centrifugally ina trajectory path about said casing, said rotor being disposed in apredetermined relation in said casing to provide a crushing zone overthe top portion of the rotor between the tip ends of its impact membersand the companion opposing walls of the casing for the trajection of thestone in suspension from. the inlet opening to the discharge opening,and successive stages of stationary impact bars disposed inpredetermined side by side spaced relation in said crushing zone withthe bars of each stage in substantially vertically spaced relation toone another and the rotor and casing-walls and against which the stonesimpinge and are reduced and between the resulting spaces of which thestones travel while maintained in suspension by successive crushingblows of the rotor impact members, the final stage of impact bars beingspaced to provide for passage therethrough of stone particles ofpredetermined size and for subsequent travel by gravity between suchbars and the opposing casing-wall for the lower discharge opening.

7, In a crushing apparatus, a casing forming an enclosed crushingchamber having an inlet at its upper end for introducing the material tobe crushed and an outlet at its lower end for the crushed material, arotor journaled crosswise in the lower portion of the chamber in a planebetween the inlet and outlet therof and having xed impact blades appliedthereto for intercepting the material and trajecting it by sucessivecrushing blows from the inlet portion of said chamber over the top ofthe rotor and thence downwardly toward the outlet, the rotor beingdisposed below the inlet and in predetermined relation in said casing toprovide a clearance space constituting an initial crushing zone betweenone end of the casing-chamber and the rotor in which the introducedstone is directed generally upwardly by the impact blades to maintainthe stone in suspension in said chamber and being spaced below the topof the latter to provide an overhead clearance space constituting asecond crushing zone communicating with said first-named clearancespace, said rotor being spaced from the opposite end of said chamber toprovide a clearance space constituting a nal crushing zone communicatingat its upper end with said second crushing zone and at its lower endwith the crushed stone outlet, and groups of laterally-spaced impactmembers disposed in substantially vertical rows crosswise of saidchamber-in said second and nal crushing zones and against which thestone while in suspension is directed and between which it travels as itis reduced and crushed to said outlet, those impact bars against whichthe stone is first traiected by the rotor-blades from the initialcrushing zone being disposed in superposed spaced relation radially overthe rotor and the impact bars in the final crushing zone disposed beyondthe rotor and between the latter and the opposing end of thecasing-chamber in substantially vertically-spaced relation andrelatively spaced to size the stone for travel therebetween and thencedownwardly between such bars and the adjoining chamber wall to thecrushed stone outlet.

LEE I-I. KESSLER.

